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Judicial Responses refer to legal efforts to address the past and to redress past wrongs.
These include international courts such as Nuremberg and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. These courts transcend domestic jurisdiction, claiming that the crimes committed in the particular state are “crimes against humanity,” not just local crimes. These courts also are used when a country cannot or will not prosecute the accused. This notion of ability and willingness is also the motivation behind the new International Criminal Court, a court of last resort, designed to address major human rights abuses when a country cannot or will not prosecute on their own. There are also domestic prosecutorial efforts that may come in the form of civil or criminal trials.
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